Medication Adherence and Lifestyle Modification in Pregnant Women with Hypertension
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
Hypertension in pregnancy is a leading cause of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality, contributing to 10% of global pregnancies and 412 maternal deaths in Indonesia in 2023. Proper management through medication and lifestyle changes is essential, but adherence remains low due to misinformation, fear of medication effects, and limited healthcare access. This study aimed to identify medication adherence and lifestyle modification in pregnant women with hypertension. A cross-sectional design was used with stratified random sampling. Data were collected through a validated questionnaire and analyzed descriptively. Results showed that 80.7% of respondents had high medication adherence and 77.2% had high lifestyle modifications. Significant associations were found between parity (p=0.042), history of hypertension (p=0.01), and ANC frequency (p=0.008) with medication adherence. Similarly, lifestyle modification was significantly associated with parity (p = 0.003), a history of hypertension (p = 0.000), and ANC frequency (p = 0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that ANC frequency predicted medication adherence (p=0.028), while history of hypertension predicted lifestyle modification (p=0.035). In conclusion, most pregnant women demonstrated high adherence levels. However, continuous health education, counseling, and family support are essential to maintain optimal maternal outcomes and reduce the risks associated with hypertensive disorders during pregnancy.
Keywords :
Hypertension, pregnancy, medication adherence, lifestyle modification.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
References
Amoah, E. et al. (2020) ‘The Role of Lifestyle Factors in Controlling Blood Pressure among Hypertensive Patients in Two Health Facilities in Urban Ghana: A Cross-Sectional Study’, International Journal of Hypertension, 2020. doi: 10.1155/2020/9379128.
Aremu, T. O. et al. (2022) ‘Medication Adherence and Compliance: Recipe for Improving Patient Outcomes’, Pharmacy, 10(5), p. 106. doi: 10.3390/pharmacy10050106.
Blumenthal, J. A. et al. (2024) ‘Effects of Lifestyle Modification on Psychosocial Function in Patients with Resistant Hypertension: Secondary Outcomes From The Triumph Randomized Clinical Trial’, Journal of Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation and Prevention, 44(1), pp. 64–70. doi: 10.1097/HCR.0000000000000801.
Brown, M. A. et al. (2018) ‘Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy: ISSHP classification, diagnosis, and management recommendations for international practice’, Hypertension, 72(1), pp. 24–43. doi: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.117.10803.
Burnier, M. (2024) ‘The role of adherence in patients with chronic diseases’, European Journal of Internal Medicine, 119(July 2023), pp. 1–5. doi: 10.1016/j.ejim.2023.07.008.
Cífková, R. (2023) ‘Hypertension in Pregnancy: A Diagnostic and Therapeutic Overview’, High Blood Pressure and Cardiovascular Prevention, 30(4), pp. 289–303. doi: 10.1007/s40292-023-00582-5.
DinKes Provinsi Jawa Barat (2023) ‘Profil Kesehatan Jawa Barat 2023’, Dinas Kesehatan Provinsi Jawa Barat, pp. 1–294. Available at: http://repo.iain-tulungagung.ac.id/5510/5/BAB 2.pdf.
Garcia, J. E. et al. (2023) ‘Antihypertensive medication use during pregnancy in a real-world cohort of patients diagnosed with a hypertensive disorder of pregnancy’, Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine, 10(July). doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1225251.
Greenwood, D. C., et al (2022) ‘The role of nurse-led education in improving compliance with medication and lifestyle changes in hypertensive pregnant women’, Journal of Clinical Nursing, 31(1), pp. 142–155. doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/jocn.15642.
Herzog-Petropaki, N., Derksen, C. and Lippke, S. (2022) ‘Health Behaviors and Behavior Change during Pregnancy: Theory-Based Investigation of Predictors and Interrelations’, Sexes, 3(3), pp. 351–366. doi: 10.3390/sexes3030027.
Horwitz, M., Brédy, G., & Tabani, A. (2023) ‘The Effects of Lifestyle Interventions on Blood Pressure in Postpartum Women: A Systematic Review. Circulation.’, Circulation. doi: The Effects of Lifestyle Interventions on Blood Pressure in Postpartum Women: A Systematic Review. Circulation.
Israfil, I., Yusuf, A. and Efendi, F. (2024) ‘Effectiveness of A Health Behavior Module Based on Transcultural Nursing in Efforts to Prevent Cardiovascular Complications on Hypertension Patients in the Community’, Indonesian Journal of Global Health Research, 6(3), pp. 1293–1302. doi: 10.37287/ijghr.v6i3.3139.
Kalafat, E. et al. (2020) ‘The association between hypertension in pregnancy and preterm birth with fetal growth restriction in singleton and twin pregnancy: Use of twin versus singleton charts’, Journal of Clinical Medicine, 9(8), pp. 1–11. doi: 10.3390/jcm9082518.
Kemenkes, R. (2024) Agar Ibu dan Bayi Selamat, Sehat Negeriku Sehatlah Bangsaku. Available at: https://sehatnegeriku.kemkes.go.id/baca/blog/20240125/3944849/agar-ibu-dan-bayi-selamat/?utm_source=chatgpt.com (Accessed: 10 February 2025).
Kemenkes RI (2023) Profil Kesehatan Indo-nesia, Pusdatin.Kemenkes.Go.Id. Available at: https://www.kemkes.go.id/downloads/resources/download/pusdatin/profil-kesehatan-indonesia/Profil-Kesehatan-2021.pdf.
Kementrian Kesehatan RI (2021) ‘PMK No. 21 Tahun 2021 tentang Penyelenggaraan Pelayanan Kesehatan masa Sebelum Hamil, Masa hamil, Persalinan dan Masa Sesudah Melahirkan, Pelayanan Kontrasepsi, dan Pelayanan Kesehatan Seksual’, Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan Republik Indonesia, (879), pp. 2004–2006.
de Korte, B. A. C. et al. (2023) ‘Adherence to prescription medication during pregnancy: Do pregnant women use pharmacological treatment as prescribed?’, British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 89(5), pp. 1521–1531. doi: 10.1111/bcp.15609.
Ruswati (2024) ‘The Role of Nurses in Enhancing Medication Adherence and Patient Outcomes in Hypertension Management’, 2(3), pp. 78–87.
Taher, M. et al. (2021) ‘Telehealth versus self-directed lifestyle intervention to promote healthy blood pressure: A protocol for a randomised controlled trial’, BMJ Open, 11(3), pp. 1–7. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-044292.
Tyrmi, J. S. et al. (2023) ‘Genetic Risk Factors Associated with Preeclampsia and Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy’, JAMA Cardiology, 8(7), pp. 674–683. doi: 10.1001/jamacardio.2023.1312.
WHO (2016) WHO recommendations on antenatal care for a positive pregnancy experience. Available at: https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789241549912 (Accessed: 5 June 2025).
Wu, P., Green, M. and Myers, J. E. (2023) ‘Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy’, Bmj. doi: 10.1136/bmj-2022-071653.